Biology, data, and the industry it built

Incretins are bigger than GLP-1

GLP-1 made the headlines. Explore the two established human incretins, the adjacent peptide systems now combined with them, and evidence spanning cardiovascular, kidney, liver, neurologic, and addiction medicine.

7+disease areas
+ aging
GLP-1GIPAmylinGlucagon

Interactive explorer

Incretins
across disease

Filter by outcome. Incretin receptor agonists are approved, in Phase 3, or have failed outright across seven distinct disease categories. Click a card to open the primary source.

The most interesting open question

The GIP
paradox

Two drugs do opposite things to the same receptor. Both cause major weight loss. Here is the leading explanation.

Same receptor. Different brain circuits. Same clinical direction: significant weight loss.

Beyond the two incretins

The peptide
network

GLP-1 and GIP are the two established human incretins. Modern drug programs also combine or compare them with related gut and pancreatic peptide systems.

HormoneSource genePhysiological roleDrug examplesStatus

The next wave

Next-generation
pipeline

Dual and triple agonists, amylin combinations, and oral small molecules pushing past single-target GLP-1.

CandidateCompanyTargetsPhaseWeight lossDosing

The deep dive

Reading
the biology

Source policy

An interactive history

The incretin
timeline